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Using the results of archaeological techniques, and examining methodological debates, Tim Cornell provides a lucid and authoritative account of the rise of Rome. The Beginnings of Rome offers insight on major issues such as: Rome’s relations with the Etruscans the conflict between patricians and plebeians the causes of Roman imperialism the growth of slave-based economy. Answering the need for raising acute questions and providing an analysis of the many different kinds of archaeological evidence with literary sources, this is the most comprehensive study of the subject available, and is essential reading for students of Roman history.

This book is an introduction to computer programming aimed at the level of a first college course. It is also suitable as a monograph for people beyond the introductory level who are unfamiliar with its methodological content. The book's subject is programming principles, not programming language features. The programming notation used is the common core that is present in all imperative programming languages, including Java, Python, C/C++, and JavaScript, with a description of differences relegated to an appendix. In elementary Physics, one doesn't start learning mechanics by studying one or another brand of springs and pulleys; rather, one learns Newton's Laws, and how to apply them in arbitrary situations. Similarly, this book eschews the study of any particular brand of programming language, opting instead to focus on fundamental laws formulated as rules of program composition.The approach is distinctive in that it presents content to beginners that is often considered advanced. Notwithstanding this, it retains an introductory character-by avoiding formalism, offering intuitive analogies, and providing elementary explanations.Language-oriented introductions to programming are often encyclopedic tomes. In contrast, Principled Programming is a comparatively short, coherent, and digestible book that presents a compelling approach, knitted together by interesting, nontrivial examples woven throughout-a book that invites cover-to-cover reading.

Cities in the ancient world relied on private generosity to provide many basic amenities. This collection of essays by leading scholars explores the important phenomenon of benefaction and public patronage in Roman Italy.

This collection of original essays focuses upon Roman Italy where, with over 400 cities, urbanization was at the very centre of Italian civilization. Informed by an awareness of the social and anthropological issues of recent research, these contributions explore not only questions of urban origins, interaction with the countryside and economic function, but also the social use of space within the city and the nature of the development process.; These studies are aimed not only at ancient historians and classical archaeologists, but are directed towards those working in the related fields of urban studies in the Mediterranean world and elsewhere and upon the general theory of towns and complex societies.

Augustus' 'Memoirs', written probably in the mid 20s BC, might have been one of the most revealing texts of Roman history - had they survived. In this comprehensive study of the subject, a cast of internationally-respected scholars reconstructs aspects of the work, its importantance for historians, and its relations to Roman literary genre.

By drawing on a very large number of German sources, many of them previously unpublished, Jack Sheldon throws new light on a familiar story. In an account filled with graphic descriptions of life and death in the trenches, the author demonstrates that the dreadful losses of 1st July were a direct consequence of meticulous German planning and preparation. Although the Battle of the Somme was frequently a close-run affair, poor Allied co-ordination and persistence in attacking weakly on narrow fronts played into the hands of the German commanders, who were able to rush forward reserves, maintain the overall integrity of their defenses and so continue a successful delaying battle until the onset of winter ultimately neutralized the considerable Allied superiority in men and material.

The history of early republican Rome was marked by a long series of social and political struggles between the patrician elite and the plebeians (often called the ?Conflict of the Orders?). Its results helped Rome achieve the internal integration needed to conquer and rule the Mediterranean world. Despite its fundamental significance, this process is difficult to understand because contemporaneous evidence is scarce and later literary sources present a gravely deformed picture. In this new edition of Social Struggles in Archaic Rome, experts from both sides of the Atlantic illuminate the history of these social conflicts?examining their causes and nature; analysing a wide range of social, economic, legal, religious, military, and political aspects; and considering the reliability of the historical sources. The second edition is enhanced by addenda updating individual chapters in light of recent scholarship, a new chapter on aspects of material culture and updated bibliography.

The development of a Post-2015 agenda and Sustainable Development Goals, SDGs, provide a global window of opportunity to address both social needs and environmental challenges together. This discussion paper by the Stockholm Resilience Centre looks into the links between human wellbeing and the biosphere, and describes why and how these links should influence the formulation of the new SDGs. It explores what we can learn from the MDGs, and how existing international agreements can be reflected in the Post-2015 MDG process. The paper also seeks to contribute to the elaboration of targets, including process-oriented targets and scalable indicators suitable for a rapidly changing world.