The 'spirit of Sport'
In this paper, the authors argue for the recognition that anti-doping is in itself first and foremost an ethical position. The current World Anti-doping Code formulation of 'the spirit of sport' is an acknowledgement of this point and a counterweight against scientific and technicist understandings of the nature of anti-doping itself. The authors critically review the Code formulations on 'the spirit of sport'. Based on a theoretical background of various approaches to normative agreement and consensus in a setting of diversity of 'comprehensive views', they argue for revision of the Code.