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Comparison of the performance of rural area local level associations (cooperatives, farmers associations, rural worker organizations, womens organizations, etc.) in developing countries - studies their role as intermediaries, and their neglect in development theory and development research; considers types and tasks of organisations, structural factors, obstacles to their activities and practices to improve them; discusses strategies to strengthen organisations and their contacts with governments and aid institutions. Bibliography, statistical tables.

Ilchman and Uphoff believe that political science has failed in the past to meet its own standards of rigor and cogency and does not meet standards of usefulness and relevance set by others. The Political Economy of Change attempts to remedy these shortcomings by expanding the limits of social science analysis to deal with problems of allocation and productivity in all spheres of public choice, not just the economic sphere.

Monograph on social participation in rural development in developing countries - analyses past experiences and obstacles in community development, role of rural animators, local level associations, voluntary organizations, local elites and decentralization, and discusses participation by the landless, rural women, disadvantaged ethnic groups and castes in agricultural development and agricultural research, water resources management, rural area health services, rural public works, etc. Diagrams.