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For the development of an efficient callus initiation and direct organogenesis protocol in Scoparia dulcis Linn., an important medicinal plant, nodal segments of field grown plants were aseptically cultured on agar solidified MS medium supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of three PGRs, namely IAA, NAA and BA. The explants produced a green or light green compact callus on MS medium fortified with 0.5-2.0 mg/L BA in combination with 0.5-1.0 mg/l IAA or NAA. The maximum amount of callus was produced on MS with 1.5 mg/l BAP + 0.5 mg/l NAA in the case of explants. These callus tissues underwent differentiation when grown on a range of PGRs (BAP, IAA and NAA) supplemented media. The maximum number of callus was developed in medium containing 1.5 mg/l BAP + 0.5 mg/l NAA. Direct organogenesis underwent rapid elongation on elongation media and maximum elongation took place on MS with 1.5 mg/l BAP + 0.5 mg/l IAA. Antimicrobial activity of ethanol extracts of S. dulcis was also determined by using various bacterial strains. Ethanolic extracts of S. dulcis showed moderate activity against various organisms.

A simple and reproducible protocol for in vitro callus induction from explants of three endemic plants (Cyclea peltata, Naregamia alata and Kaempferia galanga Linn.) have been developed. Explants collected from the field grown plants were cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentration/combination (s) of phytohormones. During the study period we evaluated the effect of different growth regulators in callus induction and its morphological analysis of the targeted plants. To optimize the callus induction of three different targeted explants were cultured on different concentration phytohormones. Among which the system include 2,4-D has the most efficient effect on the three experimental plants, Five different concentration taken for three explants, among that Cyclea peltata and Kaempferia galangal Linn. has the highest potential to induce callusing at 2 mg/L of 2,4 -D. In this study we found that there was no effect on callusing of the targeted plants was MS medium containing combination of auxin and cytokinin for callusing.

The leaves of Nerium oleander have excellent antibacterial property. The present study aims to evaluate the cosmetic activity of Nerium oleander leaf extract against clinically isolated pimple causing Staphylococcus aureus. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was found that dilution factor 200, and 300 respectively. Phytochemical analysis of the extract was also studied. This study concludes that Nerium oleander be used as a potential natural remedy to treat pimples.