THE ROLE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN MODERN NURSING PRACTICES
Advanced Practice Nursing (APN) encompasses several roles that extend beyond traditional nursing responsibilities, providing comprehensive care in diverse healthcare settings. This paper explores the various advanced practice nursing roles, including Nurse Practitioners (NPs), Clinical Nurse Specialists (CNSs), Nurse Anesthetists (CRNAs), and Nurse Midwives (CNMs). By examining the scope of practice, responsibilities, and impact on patient care for each role, this study aims to provide a comparative analysis of advanced practice nursing roles, highlighting their contributions to the healthcare system. Advanced Practice Nursing, Nurse Practitioners, Clinical Nurse Specialists, Nurse Anesthetists, Nurse Midwives, Comparative Analysis Advanced Practice Nursing (APN) includes roles that build upon the foundational knowledge and skills of registered nurses, enabling them to provide a higher level of patient care. APNs are trained to perform complex assessments, make clinical decisions, and manage patient care in various settings. The four primary APN roles— Nurse Practitioners (NPs), Clinical Nurse Specialists (CNSs), Nurse Anesthetists (CRNAs), and Nurse Midwives (CNMs)—each have unique responsibilities and scopes of practice. This paper provides an overview of these advanced practice nursing roles, examining their distinct functions, educational requirements, and contributions to patient care.