Developing Global Professionals for the U.S. Federal Workforce
Following two world wars and the Cold War, U.S. defense and national security policies have increasingly recognized the importance of foreign language capabilities, cultural skills, and regional expertise related to U.S. allies and adversaries. However, these capabilities--especially foreign language and cultural skills--have been consistently underrepresented in the federal workforce. The David L. Boren National Security Education Act of 1991 took significant steps to address this critical shortage. One of the Boren Act's provisions authorized the Boren Scholarship and Fellowship Awards, which grant funding for long-term, overseas, immersive study to U.S. undergraduate and graduate students who are committed to public service. Boren awardees study less commonly taught languages while living in cultures and countries less commonly chosen by U.S. students. In doing so, they acquire language and skills critical to U.S. national security while attaining their undergraduate or graduate degrees. In exchange, they agree to use those skills in the employment of the U.S. Department of Defense or another federal agency for at least one year after graduation. Since 2014, when the Boren Awards program was last evaluated, more than 2,000 new Boren awardees have completed the federal employment service commitment, yielding an alumni count of more than 4,600. The authors of this report conducted interviews and a survey to learn about the career paths and decisions of Boren awardees from 1994 to early 2023, understand how policy changes since 2013 may affect awardees' experiences, and inform plans to strengthen the program in the future.