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Water is indeed a wonderful universal solvent. It has unique parameter of dissolving and carrying in suspension a huge variety of chemicals. Thus water is the “elixir” of life. Modern civilization is dependent on water for irrigation, industry, domestic needs, shipping and of increasing importance for sanitation and disposal of waste. 75 percent of the surface of the earth is covered with salt water and fresh water. It is present in water bodies such as ocean, ponds, dams, lakes, streams, rivers, mountains with ice-caps etc. About 97 percent of earth’s water is found in ocean, 2 percent is frozen as ice in pole and remaining 1 percent is available to us in the form of fresh water in as rivers, streams, lakes, ponds and ground water.

Water is useful for life activities of human beings. It is used for various purposes like drinking, irrigation, transport, sanitation, power generation and industries. Water is the most important and essential abiotic factor of all kinds of ecosystem and it also forms the habitat for enormous varieties of organisms. In other words, water forms the largest ecosystem, that is aquatic ecosystem of the biosphere. Global water is broadly classified into two classes viz fresh water and salt water. Fresh water present in lentic and lotic form. The rise and fall in chemical and physical factors of water bodies frequently affect the flora & fauna, alternating their number and diversity. About 97% of earths water is ocean water. It is saline and not useful for drinking and irrigation. Rest of 02% is in the form of ice at Polar Regions.

Water is indeed a wonderful universal solvent. It has unique parameter of dissolving and carrying in suspension a huge variety of chemicals. Thus water is the “elixir” of life. Modern civilization is dependent on water for irrigation, industry, domestic needs, shipping and of increasing importance for sanitation and disposal of waste. 75 percent of the surface of the earth is covered with salt water and fresh water. It is present in water bodies such as ocean, ponds, dams, lakes, streams, rivers, mountains with ice-caps etc. About 97 percent of earth’s water is found in ocean, 2 percent is frozen as ice in pole and remaining 1 percent is available to us in the form of fresh water in as rivers, streams, lakes, ponds and ground water.

Water is useful for life activities of human beings. It is used for various purposes like drinking, irrigation, transport, sanitation, power generation and industries. Water is the most important and essential abiotic factor of all kinds of ecosystem and it also forms the habitat for enormous varieties of organisms. In other words, water forms the largest ecosystem, that is aquatic ecosystem of the biosphere. Global water is broadly classified into two classes viz fresh water and salt water. Fresh water present in lentic and lotic form. The rise and fall in chemical and physical factors of water bodies frequently affect the flora & fauna, alternating their number and diversity. About 97% of earths water is ocean water. It is saline and not useful for drinking and irrigation. Rest of 02% is in the form of ice at Polar Regions.