Behavioral and Social Science Research
Areas of behavioral and social science research that have achieved significant breakthroughs in knowledge or application or that show future promise of achieving such breakthroughs are discussed in 12 papers. For example, the paper on formal demography shows how mathematical or statistical techniques can be used to explain and predict change in population characteristics. A paper dealing with behavior and health discusses several biological processes that link behavior to physical illnesses, including stress and such health-impairing habits as smoking, heavy drinking, poor diet, and lack of exercise. In another paper a social anthropologist explores the relationships between culture, social culture, personality, and experience. The remaining papers treat voting behavior research, the life-span approach, income inequality, advances in methods for large-scale surveys and experiments, psychophysics, reading as a cognitive process, property and territoriality, cognitive development in the first years of life, and behavior therapy. (RM)