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This book provides a systematic and unified methodology, including basic principles and reusable processes, for dynamic memory management (DMM) in embedded systems. The authors describe in detail how to design and optimize the use of dynamic memory in modern, multimedia and network applications, targeting the latest generation of portable embedded systems, such as smartphones. Coverage includes a variety of design and optimization topics in electronic design automation of DMM, from high-level software optimization to microarchitecture-level hardware support. The authors describe the design of multi-layer dynamic data structures for the final memory hierarchy layers of the target portable embedded systems and how to create a low-fragmentation, cost-efficient, dynamic memory management subsystem out of configurable components for the particular memory allocation and de-allocation patterns for each type of application. The design methodology described in this book is based on propagating constraints among design decisions from multiple abstraction levels (both hardware and software) and customizing DMM according to application-specific data access and storage behaviors.

This book covers key concepts in the design of 2D and 3D Network-on-Chip interconnect. It highlights design challenges and discusses fundamentals of NoC technology, including architectures, algorithms and tools. Coverage focuses on topology exploration for both 2D and 3D NoCs, routing algorithms, NoC router design, NoC-based system integration, verification and testing, and NoC reliability. Case studies are used to illuminate new design methodologies.

As systems continue to evolve they rely less on human decision-making and more on computational intelligence. This trend in conjunction to the available technologies for providing advanced sensing, measurement, process control, and communication lead towards the new field of Cyber-Physical System (CPS). Cyber-physical systems are expected to play a major role in the design and development of future engineering platforms with new capabilities that far exceed today’s levels of autonomy, functionality and usability. Although these systems exhibit remarkable characteristics, their design and implementation is a challenging issue, as numerous (heterogeneous) components and services have to be appropriately modeled and simulated together. The problem of designing efficient CPS becomes far more challenging in case the target system has to meet also real-time constraints.CyberPhysical Systems: Decision Making Mechanisms and Applications describes essential theory, recent research and large-scale usecases that addresses urgent challenges in CPS architectures. In particular, it includes chapters on:• Decision making for large scale CPS• Modeling of CPS with emphasis at the control mechanisms• Hardware/software implementation of the control mechanisms• Fault-tolerant and reliability issues for the control mechanisms• Cyberphysical user-cases that incorporate challenging decision making

Fine- and Coarse-Grain Reconfigurable Computing gives the basic concepts and building blocks for the design of Fine- (or FPGA) and Coarse-Grain Reconfigurable Architectures. Recently-developed integrated architecture design and software-supported design flow of FPGA and coarse-grain reconfigurable architecture are also described. Part I consists of two extensive surveys of FPGA and Coarse-Grain Reconfigurable Architectures. In Part II, case studies, innovative research results about reconfigurable architectures and design frameworks from three projects AMDREL, MOLEN and ADRES and DRESC, and, a new classification according to microcoded architectural criteria are described. Fine- and Coarse-Grain Reconfigurable Computing is an essential reference for researchers and professionals and can be used as a textbook by undergraduate, graduate students and professors.

This book provides a systematic and unified methodology, including basic principles and reusable processes, for dynamic memory management (DMM) in embedded systems. The authors describe in detail how to design and optimize the use of dynamic memory in modern, multimedia and network applications, targeting the latest generation of portable embedded systems, such as smartphones. Coverage includes a variety of design and optimization topics in electronic design automation of DMM, from high-level software optimization to microarchitecture-level hardware support. The authors describe the design of multi-layer dynamic data structures for the final memory hierarchy layers of the target portable embedded systems and how to create a low-fragmentation, cost-efficient, dynamic memory management subsystem out of configurable components for the particular memory allocation and de-allocation patterns for each type of application. The design methodology described in this book is based on propagating constraints among design decisions from multiple abstraction levels (both hardware and software) and customizing DMM according to application-specific data access and storage behaviors.

As systems continue to evolve they rely less on human decision-making and more on computational intelligence. This trend in conjunction to the available technologies for providing advanced sensing, measurement, process control, and communication lead towards the new field of Cyber-Physical System (CPS). Cyber-physical systems are expected to play a major role in the design and development of future engineering platforms with new capabilities that far exceed today’s levels of autonomy, functionality and usability. Although these systems exhibit remarkable characteristics, their design and implementation is a challenging issue, as numerous (heterogeneous) components and services have to be appropriately modeled and simulated together. The problem of designing efficient CPS becomes far more challenging in case the target system has to meet also real-time constraints.CyberPhysical Systems: Decision Making Mechanisms and Applications describes essential theory, recent research and large-scale usecases that addresses urgent challenges in CPS architectures. In particular, it includes chapters on:• Decision making for large scale CPS• Modeling of CPS with emphasis at the control mechanisms• Hardware/software implementation of the control mechanisms• Fault-tolerant and reliability issues for the control mechanisms• Cyberphysical user-cases that incorporate challenging decision making

This book covers key concepts in the design of 2D and 3D Network-on-Chip interconnect. It highlights design challenges and discusses fundamentals of NoC technology, including architectures, algorithms and tools. Coverage focuses on topology exploration for both 2D and 3D NoCs, routing algorithms, NoC router design, NoC-based system integration, verification and testing, and NoC reliability. Case studies are used to illuminate new design methodologies.

Nebel (OFFISResearchInstitute,Oldenburg,Germany) RTL Estimation of Steering Logic Power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 C. Anton,P. Civera,I. Colonescu,E. Macii,M. Poncino (PolytechnicalUniversityofTorino,Italy) A. Bogliolo(UniversityofFerrara,Italy) PowerEstimationandOptimization Reducing Power Consumption through Dynamic Frequency Scaling for a Class of Digital Receivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 N. D. Zervas,S. Theoharis,A. P. Kakaroudas,G. Theodoridis, C. E. Goutis(UniversityofPatras,Greece) D.