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This document presents information on population trends focusing on immigration and the third world. It discusses demographics and social welfare, women and the labour force, and policy implications. It includes a selected bibliography.

From the Foreword: [This report] provides an American perspective on the longer-term structural challenges confronting the two economies across a broad range of industries. It examines longer-term competitive issues relating to productivity, wages, exchange rates, and the creation and diffusion of new technology that our two countries will be addressing even after federal budget deficits have been brought down and the new bilateral trade agreement has been implemented.

From the introduction: The purpose of this report is to review some of the major developments of the past few years that have shaped the current state of the bilateral relationship and to examine the most likely near-term trends and issues in that relationship. In this introduction the theme of difficult transitions is developed and related to a variety of recent bilateral issues. Chapter 2 highlights the main elements of the current economic environment in the two countries and examines how this environment has created short-term transitional problems in such areas as trade, investment, and the rate of exchange. Chapter 3 takes a closer look at private capital flows in terms of both short-term economic factors influencing investment decisions and institutional developments that have affected, or might affect, bilateral capital movements. As an example of issues that have persisisted in the Canada-U.S. relationship for many years the Automotive Agreement of 1965 is examined and assessed in Chapter4. Certain aspects of bilateral energy relations are reviewed in Chapter 5 to illustrate the type of complex new issues that have been emerging.

This volume brings together papers presented at two sessions dealing with the current state of affairs at Canadian universities. The papers discuss some of the challenges that these institutions face and their success in meeting them, and also offer suggestions about public policies that might make their contributions to Canadian life more effective. The introduction outlines historical background, institutional factors, the role of universities, and the substantive findings of the other papers in this volume. Paper two reviews university education in the knowledge economy and the challenges of accessibility & quality. The third paper discusses the change in enrollment structure toward greater numbers of women and the fourth covers the global hunt for talent and the growth of Internet-based recruiting in Canada. Paper five examines research performance at the top Canadian universities relative to those in the United States. Paper six uses data from the National Graduates Survey to present new evidence on earnings differences by discipline among three cohorts of recent Canadian university graduates. The final two papers estimate economic returns to university education and discuss the implications for tuition policy. Critical commentary on the papers is also included in two separate sections.