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Organo-halide perovskite nanocrystals (OHPNCs) and their optoelectronic devices are receiving much attention recently. This is due to their high photoluminescence, quantum efficiency and optical band gap tunability over the entire visible and part of the near infrared range by modifying composition, dimensionality, or size. However, OHPNCs suffer from poor stability when exposed to moisture, and facile cubic to tetragonal phase transformation in ambient condition. By utilizing binary capping molecules, Oleic Acid (OA) and Oleylamine (OLA), it is shown that the stability against moisture and phase transformation in ambient condition can be achieved. Furthermore, the air stable OHPNCs was used to create a photodetector with a responsivity of 0.6 A/W using a 470 nm wavelength of light under 30 V bias, which is higher than the commercially available Si based photodetectors. Keywords: Perovskite, Photodetector

Allowing for time-varying treatment effects, this paper provides new findings on the effects of inflation targeting on economic performance over time. First, developed countries lower inflation and reach their targets rapidly in two years and developing countries reduce inflation gradually in that disinflation still continues moving to their long-run targets. Second, intertemporal tradeoffs occur for eight developed-country targeters. That is, targeting inflation significantly reduces inflation at the costs of higher inflation and growth variability and a lower output growth in the short-run, although no significant effects occur in the long-run. In contrast, no costs, only gains, emerge for thirteen developing-country targeters. Now, targeters achieve lower inflation following policy adoption as well as lower inflation and output growth variability in the short-run and long-run. Output growth catches up in a longer time horizon, although this effect is not significant. The paper discusses the interpretations of our empirical findings and the implications for monetary policy.

Secondly, the distribution and patterns of introns in five intron-rich eukaryotes were investigated. The five organisms chosen were human, mouse, zebrafish, fruit fly and Arabidopsis thaliana. Similarly to the surviving fungal introns, the complex eukaryotic introns are also distributed toward the 5′ ends of the mRNAs. The exon-exon junctions (EEJs; after intron removal) are commonly present in the mRNA leaders (5′UTRs), ranging from 24% in A. thaliana to 53% in human. Strikingly, their first EEJs are most frequently located just upstream of the translation initiation codons. More importantly, the frequency of the EEJs in the mRNA leaders (leader EEJs) anti-correlates with translation. Furthermore, the leader EEJ is a stronger predictor of low translation rate compared to uORF. When combined together, the leader EEJ and uORF predict lower expression for nearly one-third of eukaryotic proteins.

Shen Qingyi didn't expect that the marriage she had been anticipating for so many years would turn out to be a nightmare for her entire life. There was not a shred of kindness left between her and He Sinan. It had long since ended between them.