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This fascinating new volume provides a comprehensive yet concise overview of the chemical aspects of some of the major innovations and changes that occurred during the 20th century, relating chemical structures and properties to real-life applications. Developed for a course taught by the author for several years at UVA, the author covers the important and consequential developments in chemistry and explains their everyday, real-life applications. These include such topics as consumer products, fossil fuel use, polymers, agriculture, food production, nutrition, explosives, and drugs. The section Molecular Biology and Its Applications includes examples of the application of biotechnology and genetic engineering.

Multistate Models for the Analysis of Life History Data provides the first comprehensive treatment of multistate modeling and analysis, including parametric, nonparametric and semiparametric methods applicable to many types of life history data. Special models such as illness-death, competing risks and progressive processes are considered, as well as more complex models. The book provides both theoretical development and illustrations of analysis based on data from randomized trials and observational cohort studies in health research. It features: Discusses a wide range of applications of multistate models, Presents methods for both continuously and intermittently observed life history processes, Gives a thorough discussion of conditionally independent censoring and observation processes, Discusses models with random effects and joint models for two or more multistate processes, Discusses and illustrates software for multistate analysis that is available in R, Target audience includes those engaged in research and applications involving multistate models.

Artificial Intelligence in Process Fault Diagnosis A comprehensive guide to the future of process fault diagnosis Automation has revolutionized every aspect of industrial production, from the accumulation of raw materials to quality control inspections. Even process analysis itself has become subject to automated efficiencies, in the form of process fault analyzers, i.e., computer programs capable of analyzing process plant operations to identify faults, improve safety, and enhance productivity. Prohibitive cost and challenges of application have prevented widespread industry adoption of this technology, but recent advances in artificial intelligence promise to place these programs at the center of manufacturing process analysis. Artificial Intelligence in Process Fault Diagnosis brings together insights from data science and machine learning to deliver an effective introduction to these advances and their potential applications. Balancing theory and practice, it walks readers through the process of choosing an ideal diagnostic methodology and the creation of intelligent computer programs. The result promises to place readers at the forefront of this revolution in manufacturing. Artificial Intelligence in Process Fault Diagnosis readers will also find: Coverage of various AI-based diagnostic methodologies elaborated by leading experts Guidance for creating programs that can prevent catastrophic operating disasters, reduce downtime after emergency process shutdowns, and more Comprehensive overview of optimized best practices Artificial Intelligence in Process Fault Diagnosis is ideal for process control engineers, operating engineers working with processing industrial plants, and plant managers and operators throughout the various process industries.

Prenatal Cocaine Exposures addresses the timely problem of maternal cocaine abuse and its effects on exposed infants, including growth retardation, learning, cardiovascular effects, and seizures. The impact of substance abuse on this and future generations presents an ongoing challenge to medical science. This comprehensive and authoritative volume reviews both animal and clinical studies to explain implications for treatment and long-term outcomes of early exposure. Prenatal Cocaine Exposures investigates the specific role of cocaine in altering fetal development. Discussions of current studies and state-of-the-art techniques provide a basis for informed clinical decisions. Pediatricians, medical specialists, basic scientists, educators, and policy makers will all benefit from the comprehensive research gathered in this volume.

This book surveys the models for the origin of life and presents a new model starting with shaped droplets and ending with life as polygonal Archaea; it collects the most published micrographs of Archaea (discovered only in 1977), which support this conclusion, and thus provides the first visual survey of Archaea. Origin of Life via Archaea’s purpose is to add a new hypothesis on what are called “shaped droplets”, as the starting point, for flat, polygonal Archaea, supporting the Vesicles First hypothesis. The book contains over 6000 distinct references and micrographs of 440 extant species of Archaea, 41% of which exhibit polygonal phenotypes. It surveys the intellectual battleground of the many ideas of the origin of life on earth, chemical equilibrium, autocatalysis, and biotic polymers. This book contains 17 chapters, some coauthored, on a wide range of topics on the origin of life, including Archaea’s origin, patterns, and species. It shows how various aspects of the origin of life may have occurred at chemical equilibrium, not requiring an energy source, contrary to the general assumption. For the reader’s value, its compendium of Archaea micrographs might also serve many other interesting questions about Archaea. One chapter presents a theory for the shape of flat, polygonal Archaea in terms of the energetics at the surface, edges and corners of the S-layer. Another shows how membrane peptides may have originated. The book also includes a large table of most extant Archaea, that is searchable in the electronic version. It ends with a chapter on problems needing further research. Audience This book will be used by astrobiologists, origin of life biologists, physicists of small systems, geologists, biochemists, theoretical and vesicle chemists.

This digital collection, curated by Harvard Business Review, offers four books on the topic of emotional intelligence, found by bestselling author Daniel Goleman to be twice as important as other competencies in determining outstanding leadership. In Primal Leadership, With a New Preface by the Authors, the authors show that great leaders excel not just through skill and smarts, but by connecting with others using emotional intelligence competencies like empathy and self-awareness. The best leaders are “resonant” leaders—individuals who manage their own and others’ emotions in ways that drive success. In Resonant Leadership, Richard Boyatzis and Annie McKee provide an indispensable guide to overcoming the vicious cycle of stress, sacrifice, and dissonance that afflicts many leaders and offer a field-tested framework for creating the resonance that fuels great leadership. And in Becoming a Resonant Leader, Annie McKee, Richard Boyatzis, and Frances Johnston share vivid, real-life stories illuminating how people can develop emotional intelligence, build resonance, and renew themselves. Finally, HBR’s 10 Must Read on Emotional Intelligence presents 10 articles by experts in the field of emotional intelligence, all of which will inspire you to monitor and channel your moods and emotions; make smart, empathetic people decisions; manage conflict and regulate emotions within your team; react to tough situations with resilience; better understand your strengths, weaknesses, needs, values, and goals; and develop emotional agility.

This is the book that established “emotional intelligence” in the business lexicon—and made it a necessary skill for leaders. Managers and professionals across the globe have embraced Primal Leadership, affirming the importance of emotionally intelligent leadership. Its influence has also reached well beyond the business world: the book and its ideas are now used routinely in universities, business and medical schools, and professional training programs, and by a growing legion of professional coaches. This refreshed edition, with a new preface by the authors, vividly illustrates the power—and the necessity—of leadership that is self-aware, empathic, motivating, and collaborative in a world that is ever more economically volatile and technologically complex. It is even timelier now than when it was originally published. From bestselling authors Daniel Goleman, Richard Boyatzis, and Annie McKee, this groundbreaking book remains a must-read for anyone who leads or aspires to lead. Also available in ebook format wherever ebooks are sold.

A successor to the acclaimed 'Neurobiology of the Prefrontal Cortex', 'Understanding the Prefrontal Cortex' presents a careful study of the anatomical connections in this brain region, showing how each area and subarea of the brain has a unique pattern of connections, and exploring the transformation that this area performs - from its inputs to it outputs. The book starts with two chapters of foundational material, before considering five subdivisions of the prefrontal cortex, and looking at the transformation that each one performs. Next it considers how the prefrontal cortex interacts with the rest of the brain, including not only cortical areas but also subcortical areas such as the basal ganglia and cerebellum. The book ends with a final section in which these principles are applied to the human brain. It starts by discussing the expansion of the prefrontal cortex during human evolution. It then considers how the human brain has co-opted mechanisms that existed in our primate ancestors, and by providing new inputs had extended them so as to support reasoning, remembering events from the distant past and imagining events in the distant future, the sense of self, language, the ability to understand the mental states of others, and the ability to cooperate and learn social and moral rules. Written by a leading brain scientist, the book will be an important and influential contribution to the neuroscience literature.