Civil War Letters of Thomas H. Kellogg
Thomas, a true patriot like his father, had little knowledge of the south and slavery. As the war continued and the 68th marched deeper and deeper into the south, the conflict and all its horrors brought not only disillusionment, but also a changed attitude toward the south. Thomas Kellogg' wrote nearly 80 letters to family and friends back home. Well written, the letters provide descriptions of battles, battlefields, crops, homes, terrain, and conversations with prisoners, local residents, and deserters. Near Oxford, Mississippi, Kellogg found the locals "so short of provisions that we had to give them rations to live on. One place we left a half barrel of molasses." At Vicksburg, Kellogg wrote his father back on the farm in Woodville, "I tell you that there is some very large plantations on the Mississippi. The negroes are coming in by the hundreds and as soon as they come, they are put right to work digging." [canal to Lake Providence]. Kellogg wrote that he "no longer opposed the arming" of the slaves, and that the "rebs thought they could gobble up what negro soldiers we had." Instead, "the secesh found the 'black Yankees' as they call them," credible fighters. Kellogg fought with his regiment at the battles of Fort Donelson, Shiloh, Corinth, Hatchie's Bridge, Port Gibson, Raymond, Champion's Hill, and Vicksburg. Following the Union victory at the 4th of July 1863, Thomas escorted hundreds of prisoners to Clinton, Mississippi. He discovered that "nearly all of them seamed tired of the war." ... and some of them "declared they were done fighting and ready to take the oath."