A Mindfulness-based Treatment for Women with Bulimia Nervosa
Bulimia Nervosa (BN) is an eating disorder that affects up to 4% of young women in the United States. Men are also affected, but they are outnumbered ten to one by women. The disorder occurs with equal prevalence in all racial and ethnic groups. Suicide risk is high and the mortality rate for bulimia is 0.3%, related not only to suicide but also to serious complications (Harrop and Marlatt, 2010; APA, 2013). The functional consequences can be significant; some individuals have severe role impairment, especially in the social domain (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). In addition, bulimia incurs high direct medical costs along with societal costs related to decreased productivity (Stuhldreher et al., 2012; Crow, et al.,2013). Remission after treatment is no better than 31% to 74%, and relapse is common (Wilson, Grilo & Vitousek, 2007). Current standard treatment interventions such as cognitive behavioral therapy, interpersonal psychotherapy, and medications are unsuccessful in 40-50% of bulimics (American Psychiatric Association, 2010; Proulx, 2008; Wilson et al, 2007). For this reason, exploration of deep mindfulness interventions for eating disorders has been taking place (Hepworth, 2011; Proulx, 2008; Kristeller et al, 1999, 2006, 2011, 2014); however, studies on bulimia are limited by small sample sizes and methodology. This pilot study will attempt to measure quantitatively the impact of the Mindfulness-Based Eating Awareness Training (MB-EAT) program, originally designed for Binge Eating Disorder, on the eating behaviors of a sample of women affected specifically by Bulimia Nervosa. Two research questions are posed in order to learn these effects: Research Question #1) Does MB-EAT increase mindful eating behaviors? Research Question # 2) Does MB-EAT decrease the number of Binge-Purge cycles per week?