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Normative data has established that normal age-related declines are more pronounced on visual-graphic than verbal memory tests. The BVMT-R is a visual-graphic memory test clinically useful for the elderly because the relatively simple content minimizes low ceiling effects and it has six alternate forms that can be used in serial evaluations. However, subjectively, not all forms appear to be equal in complexity. The purpose of this study was to assess the equivalence of Forms 1 and 4 of the BVMT-R for individuals aged 80-89. Volunteer participants were 26 men and 64 women without significant history of, or current, medical / psychological problems or substance use. Subjects were divided into two age groups: 80-84 (n = 42) and 85-89 (n = 48). Subjects were administered Forms 1 and 4 one week apart in counterbalanced order. There were no significant differences between Forms 1 and 4 for BVMT-R Total and Delayed raw scores for the 80-84 age group Wilks's = .952, F(2,40) = 1.01, p = .374. There were significant differences between Form 1 and 4 raw scores for ages 85-89 Wilks's = .842, F(2,46) = 4.32, p = .019. BVMT-R Total raw scores were higher for Form 1 F, (1, 47) = 8.83, p = 0.005, and nearly significantly higher for Delayed raw scores F, (1, 47) = 3.94, p = 0.053. Individuals in their early 80's obtain comparable scores on Forms 1 and 4 of the BVMT-R. For patients in their late 80's, learning, and likely delayed recall, is easier for Form 1 than Form 4.

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to examine preschool parentsʹ and teachersʹ perspectives of learning through play. Forty four participants were identified; thirty were parents and eleven were teachers. Participants completed a survey created by the researcher. The survey was divided into four different sections: biographical information, short answer regarding the definitions of play vs. learning, general questions about play and learning rated on a Likert scale, and VPK skills divided into three categories of circle time, structured activities, and free play as to the best way to teach such skills along with what activities can be used for academic purposes. Parentsʹ and teachersʹ agreed that preschool children can learn through play. However, there were no significant differences between parentsʹ and teachersʹ perspectives of learning through play. This could be due in part to the sample sizes being similar in nature. Twenty percent of the parent population held the occupation of teacher. Implications of these findings are discussed for future research and practice.

Racism feeds on denial. Lament moves us to tell the truth. And the truth can set us free. Stories of racial injustice fill our news feeds. Yet for too long many in the church have been hesitant to speak up about racism in its many forms. We fear offending others, of using the wrong words, of not knowing what to say. In Lamenting Racism, a team of leading pastors and theologians invite us into the transformative and motivating practice of biblical lament as a powerful way to confront racism. Through their conversations in six thought-provoking videos, they name that God’s people of every race are called to consider how we have been shaped and formed by race, and they guide us into experiencing lament as an anti-racism practice. Encouraging congregations to reclaim the lost art of biblical lament, these pastors and theologians model a powerful way to pour out the fear, shame, grief, and rage of racism as we cry out to God in prayer. In the process, we will be transformed and motivated to reclaim hope and to act for a world shaped by God’s inclusive vision of love and blessing. This six-session study invites church groups to engage in the practice of biblical lament as a powerful tool in the church’s struggle against racism.

Racism feeds on denial. Lament moves us to tell the truth. And the truth can set us free. Stories of racial injustice fill our news feeds. Yet for too long many in the church have been hesitant to speak up about racism in its many forms. We fear offending others, of using the wrong words, of not knowing what to say. In Lamenting Racism, a team of leading pastors and theologians invite us into the transformative and motivating practice of biblical lament as a powerful way to confront racism. Through their conversations in six thought-provoking videos, they name that God’s people of every race are called to consider how we have been shaped and formed by race, and they guide us into experiencing lament as an anti-racism practice. Encouraging congregations to reclaim the lost art of biblical lament, these pastors and theologians model a powerful way to pour out the fear, shame, grief, and rage of racism as we cry out to God in prayer. In the process, we will be transformed and motivated to reclaim hope and to act for a world shaped by God’s inclusive vision of love and blessing. This six-session study invites church groups to engage in the practice of biblical lament as a powerful tool in the church’s struggle against racism.

Historical inquiry forms the foundation for much research undertaken in art education. While traversing paths of historical investigation in this field we may discover undocumented moments and overlooked or hidden individuals, as well as encounter challenging ideas in need of exploration and critique. In doing so, history is approached from multiple and, at times, vitally diverse perspectives. Our hope is that the conversations generated through this text will continue to strengthen and encourage more interest in histories of art education, but also more sophisticated and innovative approaches to historical research in this field. The overarching objective of the text is to recognize the historical role that many overlooked individuals—particularly African Americans and women—have played in the field of art education, and acknowledge the importance of history and historical research in this digital age. This text opens up possibilities of faculty collaborations across programs interested in history and historical research on a local, national, and international level. By assembling the work of various scholars from across the United States, this text is intended to elicit rich conversations about history that would be otherwise beyond what is provided in general art education textbooks.

Have you ever wanted to know what really goes on in a teenager's head? In the minds of your classmates? Nine will give you insight into how a few talented students from Orange High School really see the world. The thoughtful and stark perspectives of these students address everything from body image to racism, immigration to upbeat days, and everything in between. Read between the lines of Nine as you journey through the reality of contemporary poets in their prime.

Immunological and formulation design considerations for subunit vaccines. Public health implications of emerging vaccine technologies. Preclinical safety assessment considerations in vaccine development. Regulatory considerations in vaccine design. Clinical considerations in vaccine trials with special reference to candidate HIV vaccines. Laboratory empiricism, clinical design, and social value: the rough road toward vaccine development. A compedium of vaccine adjuvants and excipients. Adjuvant properties of aluminum and calcium compounds. Structure and properties of aluminum-containing adjuvants. MF59: design and evaluation of a safe and potent adjuvant for human vaccines. Development of vaccines based on formulations containing nonionic block copolymers. Development of an emulsion-based muramyl dipeptide adjuvant formulation for vaccines. Liposomal presentation of antigens for human vaccines. Liposome design and vaccine development. Lipid matrix-based vaccines for mucosal and systemic immunization. Polymer microspheres for vaccine delivery. Vehicle for oral immunization. Design and production of single-immunization vaccines using polylactide polyglycolide microsphere systems. Nanoparticles as adjuvants for vaccines. Water-soluble phosphazene polymers for parenteral and mucosal vaccine delivery. Monophosphoryl lipid A as an adjuvant: past experiences and new directions. Structural and immunological characterization of the vaccine adjuvant QS-21. A novel generation of viral vaccines based on the ISCOM matrix. Vaccine adjuvants based on gamma inulin. A new approach to vaccine adjuvants: immunopotentiation by intracellular T-helper-like signals transmitted by loxoribine. Stearyl tyrosine: an organic equivalent of aluminum-based immunoadjuvants. Cytokines as vaccine adjuvants: current status and potential applications. Cytokines as immunological adjuvants. Cytokine-containing liposomes as adjuvants for subunit vaccines. Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccines. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines. Lyme vaccine enhancement: N-terminal acylation of a protein antigen and inclusion of a saponin adjuvant. Vaccine research and development for the prevention of filarial nematode infections. Retrovirus and retrotransposon particles as antigen presentation and delivery systems. Rationale and approaches to constructing preerythrocytic malaria vaccines. The MAP system: a flexible and unambiguous vaccine design of branched peptides. Design of experimental synthetic peptide immunogens for prevention of HIV-1 and HTLV-I retroviral infections. Design and testing of peptide-based cytotoxic T-cell-mediated immunotherapeutics to treat infectious diseases and cancer. Development of active specific immunotherapeutic agents based on cancer-associated mucins. Synthetic peptide vaccines for schistosomiasis. Synthetic hormone/growth factor subunit vaccine with application to antifertility and cancer.

The Gathering of Eagles (GOE) is a program dedicated to the study of Airpower history by providing first-hand accounts of historic events from air and space pioneers. The first official GOE program took place in 1982; since that first event, over 450 distinguished Airpower pioneers have inspired leaders with their stories of courage, perseverance, and innovation. This book commemorates the 36th annual GOE program by providing the first-ever published collection of interviews from the selected Eagles. The 2017 Eagles include: General Charles A. "Chuck" Horner, Colonel John A. Warden III, General Walter Kross, Major General Paul "PJ" Johnson, Chief Warrant Officer Guy Hunter, Jr., Colonel Thomas E. Griffith, Major General Greg "Beast" Feest, and Brigadier Gneral Rhonda L. Cornum. This collection of interviews focuses on Operation DESERT STORM and seeks to capture the human spirit behind the Operation, with a specific emphasis on leadership. It includes the experiences that shaped the Eagles leading up to Desert Storm, their personal tragedies, triumphs during the operation, and the impact of this time on their personal and professional lives.