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This discussion is divided into two parts: the first part is a summary of the best present information of the planets Mercury, Venus, and Mars, gained almost entirely from ground-based observatories. The second part outlines how these methods could be extended to observations from balloon observatories, and especially from space probes and orbiters in the immediate vicinity of the planets. (Author).

... covers all available information on the physics of Mars on the threshold of the new phase of studies which the 1954 and 1956 perihelic oppositions will probably open.

All published areographic coordinates measured since 1909 were compared and cross-identified after a thorough search for usable data was made in the existing Mars literature. The collected data for 586 points of Mars' surface were found to contain various errors of measurement and identification, which were corrected in the individual notes, and which were taken into account in compiling a basic master map and list of points. (Author).