Manufacturing Processes for Engineering Materials

12.6 The Fusion Welded Joint 749 12.7 Cold Welding 760 12.8 Ultrasonic Welding 761 12.9 Friction Welding 762 12.10 Resistance Welding 764 12.11 Explosion Welding 770 12.12 Diffusion Bonding 771 12.13 Brazing and Soldering 772 12.14 Adhesive Bonding 780 12.15 Mechanical Fastening 784 12.16 Joining Nonmetallic Materials 788 12.17 Design Considerations in Joining 790 12.18 Economic Considerations 794 Case Study: Friction Welding of Monosteel(r) Pistons 795 Summary 796 Summary of Equations 797 Bibliography 797 Questions 798 Problems 801 Design 802 13 Fabrication of Microelectronic, Micromechanical, and Microelectromechanical Devices; Nanomanu- facturing 803 13.1 Introduction 803 13.2 Clean Rooms 807 13.3 Semiconductors and Silicon 808 13.4 Crystal Growing and Wafer Preparation 809 13.5 Films and Film Deposition 812 13.6 Oxidation 813 13.7 Lithography 815 13.8 Etching 822 13.9 Diffusion and Ion Implantation 832 13.10 Metallization and Testing 833 13.11 Wire Bonding and Packaging 835 13.12 Yield and Reliability of Chips 839 13.13 Printed Circuit Boards 839 13.14 Micromachining of MEMS Devices 841 13.15 LIGA and Related Microfabrication Processes 851 13.16 Solid Freeform Fabrication of Devices 857 13.17 Mesoscale Manufacturing 858 13.18 Nanoscale Manufacturing 859 Case Study: Digital Micromirror Device 860 Summary 863 Bibliography 864 Questions 865 Problems 866 design 867 14 Automation of Manufacturing Processes and Operations 869 14.1 Introduction 869 14.2 Automation 870 14.3 Numerical Control 877 14.4 Programming for Numerical Control 883 14.5 Adaptive Control 884 14.6 Material Handling and Movement 887 14.7 Industrial Robots 890 14.8 Sensor Technology 895 14.9 Flexible Fixturing 899 14.10 Assembly, Disassembly, and Service 901 14.11 Design Considerations 904 14.12 Economic Considerations 907 Case Study: Robotic Deburring of Plastic Toboggans 908 Summary 909 Bibliography 910 Questions 910 Problems 912 Design 912 15 Computer-Integrated Manufacturing Systems 914 15.1 Introduction 914 15.2 Manufacturing Systems 915 15.3 Computer-Integrated Manufacturing 916 15.4 Computer-Aided Design and Engineering 918 15.5 Computer-Aided Manufacturing 923 15.6 Computer-Aided Process Planning 925 15.7 Computer Simulation of Manufacturing Processes #nd Systems 927 15.8 Group Technology 929 15.9 Cellular Manufacturing 935 15.10 Flexible Manufacturing Systems 937 15.11 Holonic Manufacturing 940 15.12 Just-in-Time Production 941 15.13 Lean Manufacturing 943 15.14 Communications Networks in Manufacturing 943 15.15 Artificial Intelligence 946 Summary 949 Bibliography 950 Questions 951 Problems 952 Design 952 16 Product Design and Manufacturing #n a Global Competitive #nvironment 954 16.1 Introduction 954 16.2 Product Design and Robust Design 955 16.3 Product Quality and Quality Management 960 16.4 Life-Cycle Engineering and Sustainable Manufacturing 966 16.5 Selection of Materials for Products 968 16.6 Substitution of Materials in Products 972 16.7 Capabilities of Manufacturing Processes 974 16.8 Selection of Manufacturing Processes 978 16.9 Manufacturing Costs and Cost Reduction 980 Summary 983 Summary of Equations 984 Bibliography 984 Questions 985 Problems 986 Design 986 Index 991.