Who's in and Who's Out

Social exclusion is closely linked with numerous economic problems in Latin America, yet seldom does it take the form of a "keep out"sign. More commonly, groups are excluded because they lack access to opportunities enjoyed by others in health care, education, housing and employment. These barriers prevent people from reaching their full productive potential -- in turn constraining growth and revenues -- and make them more likely to incur public costs through health and social service expenses.

Who's In and Who's Out explores various forms of social exclusion in Latin America, including residential segregation in Bolivian cities, exclusion in health care in Brazil, barriers to legal status of Nicaraguan immigrants in Costa Rica, geographic isolation in El Salvador, and educational inequality among the indigenous in Mexico.

The chapters describe how self-perpetuating networks of association, prohibitive prices for certain services, and misperceptions between the societal mainstream and excluded groups exacerbate the exclusion process. In identifying the causes, mechanisms and effects of these types of social exclusion, the book marks a critical first step towards formulating policies in the region that will enable the greatest number of people to access all the benefits and society and lead productive lives.